回轉(zhuǎn)式風機，涵蓋羅茨風機、螺桿風機、滑片風機等多種類型，在長期連續(xù)運行過程中，受多種因素影響，極易出現(xiàn)各類故障，進而對其性能表現(xiàn)和使用壽命造成顯著影響。以下將對常見故障問題進行系統(tǒng)性梳理，并深入剖析其產(chǎn)生原因，同時針對性地提出有效解決方法。

Rotary fans, including Roots fans, screw fans, slide fans, and other types, are prone to various failures due to various factors during long-term continuous operation, which can significantly affect their performance and service life. The following will systematically sort out common fault problems, analyze their causes in depth, and propose targeted and effective solutions.

在風量不足或壓力下降方面，故障成因呈現(xiàn)多元化特點。進氣濾網(wǎng)因灰塵、雜質(zhì)不斷積累，逐漸堵塞，嚴重阻礙進氣通道的順暢性，致使進氣量大幅減少；葉輪或轉(zhuǎn)子在長期運轉(zhuǎn)過程中持續(xù)磨損，導(dǎo)致其與殼體之間的間隙不斷增大，引發(fā)內(nèi)部泄漏加劇，從而削弱風機的送氣能力；系統(tǒng)中管道、法蘭或密封部位出現(xiàn)漏氣情況，使得本該輸出的氣體逸散，造成壓力下降；對于皮帶傳動型風機而言，皮帶或聯(lián)軸器因張緊力不足，或是長期使用產(chǎn)生磨損，出現(xiàn)打滑現(xiàn)象，影響動力傳輸效率，最終導(dǎo)致風量和壓力無法達到正常水平。針對這些問題，相應(yīng)的解決措施為定期清潔或更換進氣濾網(wǎng)，建議每 3 個月進行一次細致檢查，及時清除堵塞物以保障進氣通暢；對轉(zhuǎn)子與殼體之間的間隙進行精確檢測，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)間隙超標，需及時對轉(zhuǎn)子進行修復(fù)處理，若磨損嚴重則應(yīng)果斷更換轉(zhuǎn)子；采用肥皂水涂抹的方式對系統(tǒng)各部位進行漏氣點檢測，發(fā)現(xiàn)漏氣后，及時緊固法蘭螺栓，或更換密封性能良好的墊片；嚴格按照廠家制定的標準，對皮帶張力進行精準調(diào)整，若皮帶磨損嚴重則需及時更換新皮帶，確保動力傳輸穩(wěn)定高效。

In terms of insufficient air volume or pressure drop, the causes of faults exhibit diverse characteristics. The intake filter screen gradually becomes clogged due to the accumulation of dust and impurities, seriously hindering the smoothness of the intake passage and resulting in a significant reduction in intake volume; The continuous wear of impellers or rotors during long-term operation leads to an increasing gap between them and the casing, which exacerbates internal leakage and weakens the air supply capacity of the fan; Leakage occurs in pipelines, flanges, or sealing parts of the system, causing the gas that should have been output to escape and resulting in a pressure drop; For belt driven fans, the belt or coupling may slip due to insufficient tension or long-term use, affecting power transmission efficiency and ultimately leading to abnormal air volume and pressure. The corresponding solution to these problems is to regularly clean or replace the intake filter screen. It is recommended to conduct a detailed inspection every 3 months and promptly remove blockages to ensure smooth intake; Accurately detect the gap between the rotor and the housing. Once the gap exceeds the standard, the rotor should be repaired in a timely manner. If the wear is severe, the rotor should be replaced promptly; Use soapy water to detect air leaks in various parts of the system. If any leaks are found, tighten the flange bolts in a timely manner or replace gaskets with good sealing performance; Strictly follow the standards set by the manufacturer to accurately adjust the belt tension. If the belt is severely worn, it needs to be replaced with a new belt in a timely manner to ensure stable and efficient power transmission.

風機出現(xiàn)過熱，即軸承或殼體溫度過高的情況，其根源主要涉及多個關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。潤滑油不足或劣化是重要誘因，油位過低無法提供充足潤滑，油品老化后其潤滑性能顯著下降，均會導(dǎo)致部件間摩擦加劇，產(chǎn)生大量熱量；對于水冷型風機，冷卻系統(tǒng)故障是導(dǎo)致過熱的直接原因，冷卻水流量不足或管道堵塞，無法及時帶走運行過程中產(chǎn)生的熱量，致使溫度持續(xù)攀升；過載運行同樣不容忽視，當系統(tǒng)阻力過大，或者排氣壓力超出風機額定工作壓力時，風機長時間處于超負荷運轉(zhuǎn)狀態(tài)，必然會產(chǎn)生過多熱量；軸承損壞也是常見因素，因潤滑不良或長期疲勞磨損，導(dǎo)致軸承出現(xiàn)卡滯現(xiàn)象，加劇摩擦，進而引發(fā)過熱。針對這些問題，有效的解決辦法包括定期檢查油位，及時補充潤滑油，為保障良好的潤滑效果，推薦使用 ISO VG 220 齒輪油；對水冷型風機的冷卻器進行全面清理，仔細檢查整個冷卻水系統(tǒng)，確保冷卻水流量達到或超過 2m3/h，以維持良好的散熱性能；通過合理調(diào)整工況，加裝安全閥或采用變頻控制等技術(shù)手段，避免風機超壓運行，確保其在安全、高效的工作區(qū)間內(nèi)運轉(zhuǎn)；當軸承出現(xiàn)損壞時，及時更換耐高溫、性能優(yōu)良的軸承，建議選用 SKF、NSK 等知名品牌產(chǎn)品，以提升風機運行的穩(wěn)定性和可靠性。

The overheating of the fan, that is, the high temperature of the bearings or housing, is mainly caused by multiple key links. Insufficient or deteriorated lubricating oil is an important cause. If the oil level is too low to provide sufficient lubrication, the lubrication performance of the oil will significantly decrease after aging, which will lead to increased friction between components and generate a large amount of heat; For water-cooled fans, cooling system failure is the direct cause of overheating. Insufficient cooling water flow or pipeline blockage prevents timely removal of heat generated during operation, resulting in continuous temperature rise; Overload operation cannot be ignored either. When the system resistance is too high or the exhaust pressure exceeds the rated working pressure of the fan, the fan will be in an overloaded state for a long time, which will inevitably generate excessive heat; Bearing damage is also a common factor, as poor lubrication or long-term fatigue wear can lead to bearing jamming, exacerbating friction and ultimately causing overheating. Effective solutions to these issues include regularly checking the oil level and replenishing lubricating oil in a timely manner. To ensure good lubrication, it is recommended to use ISO VG 220 gear oil; Thoroughly clean the cooler of the water-cooled fan, carefully inspect the entire cooling water system, and ensure that the cooling water flow rate reaches or exceeds 2m 3/h to maintain good heat dissipation performance; By adjusting the working conditions reasonably, installing safety valves or using frequency conversion control and other technical means, the fan can avoid overpressure operation and ensure its safe and efficient operation within the working range; When the bearing is damaged, it is recommended to replace it with a high-temperature resistant and high-performance bearing in a timely manner. It is suggested to choose well-known brands such as SKF and NSK to improve the stability and reliability of the fan operation.

異常振動或噪音大是回轉(zhuǎn)式風機運行過程中較為常見且危害較大的故障。其產(chǎn)生原因主要集中在多個核心部件和安裝環(huán)節(jié)。轉(zhuǎn)子動平衡失效是關(guān)鍵因素，葉輪表面粘附雜質(zhì)，或是因腐蝕導(dǎo)致質(zhì)量分布不均，破壞了轉(zhuǎn)子的平衡狀態(tài)，在高速旋轉(zhuǎn)時引發(fā)劇烈振動和噪音；聯(lián)軸器或皮帶輪安裝過程中存在偏差，當偏差超過 0.05mm/m 時，會導(dǎo)致傳動過程中受力不均，產(chǎn)生振動和異常噪音；地腳螺栓在長期振動作用下逐漸松動，使得風機固定不牢，運行時產(chǎn)生晃動，進而引發(fā)振動和噪音；對于羅茨風機而言，同步齒輪磨損后，齒輪嚙合不良，在運轉(zhuǎn)過程中產(chǎn)生強烈沖擊，形成明顯的噪音。針對這些故障原因，對應(yīng)的解決方案為對轉(zhuǎn)子進行徹底清潔，并重新進行精確的動平衡校準，將不平衡量嚴格控制在≤1g 的范圍內(nèi)，確保轉(zhuǎn)子運轉(zhuǎn)平穩(wěn)；運用激光對中儀對聯(lián)軸器同心度進行精準校正，將偏差調(diào)整至 ±0.02mm，保證傳動部件的安裝精度；及時緊固地腳螺栓，為進一步增強穩(wěn)定性，必要時可加裝減震墊，減少振動傳遞；對齒輪磨損情況進行細致檢查，若磨損程度嚴重，則需及時更換齒輪組，恢復(fù)風機的正常運行狀態(tài)。

Abnormal vibration or loud noise are common and harmful faults in the operation of rotary fans. The main reasons for its occurrence are concentrated in multiple core components and installation stages. The failure of rotor dynamic balance is a key factor. Impurities adhering to the impeller surface or uneven mass distribution due to corrosion can disrupt the balance state of the rotor, causing severe vibration and noise during high-speed rotation; There may be deviations during the installation of couplings or pulleys. When the deviation exceeds 0.05mm/m, it can cause uneven force distribution during the transmission process, resulting in vibration and abnormal noise; The foundation bolts gradually loosen under long-term vibration, causing the fan to be loosely fixed and shaking during operation, which in turn leads to vibration and noise; For Roots blowers, after the synchronous gear wears out, the gear meshing is poor, resulting in strong impact and significant noise during operation. The corresponding solution for these fault causes is to thoroughly clean the rotor and perform precise dynamic balance calibration again, strictly controlling the unbalance within the range of ≤ 1g to ensure smooth operation of the rotor; Using laser to accurately calibrate the concentricity of the coupling device, adjusting the deviation to ± 0.02mm to ensure the installation accuracy of the transmission components; Timely tighten the anchor bolts, and if necessary, install shock-absorbing pads to further enhance stability and reduce vibration transmission; Conduct a detailed inspection of gear wear, and if the wear is severe, replace the gear set in a timely manner to restore the normal operation of the fan.

漏油問題多發(fā)生于齒輪箱或軸封部位，其背后存在多種潛在原因。油封在長期高溫環(huán)境或持續(xù)運行過程中，逐漸老化，橡膠密封材質(zhì)硬化、開裂，失去密封效果，導(dǎo)致潤滑油泄漏；油位過高會使齒輪箱內(nèi)部油壓過大，多余的油液便會從呼吸閥滲出；軸封部位因長期與密封件摩擦，導(dǎo)致軸表面出現(xiàn)磨損溝槽，使得密封失效，引發(fā)漏油現(xiàn)象。針對這些問題，有效的解決措施為更換性能優(yōu)良的油封，推薦采用氟橡膠或聚四氟乙烯材質(zhì)的油封，以提升密封性能和使用壽命；在風機運行狀態(tài)下，通過觀察油窗，將油位調(diào)整至標準線位置，確保齒輪箱內(nèi)油壓正常；對于磨損的軸套，可根據(jù)實際情況進行修復(fù)處理，如采用鍍鉻工藝恢復(fù)軸的表面精度，若磨損嚴重則需及時更換新軸，從根本上解決漏油問題。

Oil leakage problems often occur in gearboxes or shaft seals, and there are multiple potential causes behind them. Oil seals gradually age in long-term high-temperature environments or continuous operation, causing rubber sealing materials to harden and crack, losing their sealing effect and leading to lubricant leakage; Excessive oil level will cause excessive oil pressure inside the gearbox, and excess oil will seep out from the breather valve; Due to long-term friction with the sealing components, the shaft seal has developed wear grooves on the surface, resulting in seal failure and oil leakage. To address these issues, an effective solution is to replace high-performance oil seals. It is recommended to use oil seals made of fluororubber or polytetrafluoroethylene material to improve sealing performance and service life; When the fan is running, adjust the oil level to the standard line position by observing the oil window to ensure that the oil pressure inside the gearbox is normal; For worn shaft sleeves, repair treatment can be carried out according to the actual situation, such as using chrome plating technology to restore the surface accuracy of the shaft. If the wear is severe, a new shaft needs to be replaced in a timely manner to fundamentally solve the oil leakage problem.

電機過載跳閘故障的產(chǎn)生，通常由以下幾方面原因?qū)е?。電壓不穩(wěn)定是常見因素，當電網(wǎng)電壓波動幅度超過 ±10% 時，會對電機正常運行產(chǎn)生嚴重影響，導(dǎo)致其過載跳閘；進口阻力過大，如濾網(wǎng)堵塞未及時清理，或是閥門未完全打開，會增加風機的運行負荷，迫使電機過載；風機內(nèi)部出現(xiàn)卡滯情況，可能是異物意外進入風機內(nèi)部，或是軸承損壞等原因，阻礙風機正常運轉(zhuǎn)，進而引發(fā)電機過載跳閘。針對這些問題，相應(yīng)的解決辦法包括在電路中加裝穩(wěn)壓器，或?qū)φ麄€供電線路進行全面檢查，確保電壓穩(wěn)定在合理范圍內(nèi)；及時清理進口管道內(nèi)的堵塞物，仔細檢查并確保閥門處于完全打開狀態(tài)，降低進氣阻力；通過手動盤車的方式對風機進行檢查，逐一排查并及時排除卡死故障，保障風機能夠順暢運行，避免電機因過載而跳閘 。

The occurrence of motor overload tripping faults is usually caused by the following reasons. Voltage instability is a common factor, and when the voltage fluctuation of the power grid exceeds ± 10%, it will have a serious impact on the normal operation of the motor, leading to overload tripping; Excessive import resistance, such as clogged filter screens that are not cleaned in a timely manner or valves that are not fully opened, can increase the operating load of the fan and force the motor to overload; If there is a stuck situation inside the fan, it may be due to foreign objects accidentally entering the fan or bearing damage, which hinders the normal operation of the fan and causes the motor to overload and trip. The corresponding solutions to these problems include installing voltage regulators in the circuit or conducting a comprehensive inspection of the entire power supply line to ensure that the voltage is stable within a reasonable range; Timely clean up the blockages in the inlet pipeline, carefully inspect and ensure that the valve is fully open, and reduce the intake resistance; By manually turning the fan, check and promptly eliminate any stuck faults, ensuring smooth operation of the fan and avoiding motor tripping due to overload.

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